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Section 1031 allows you to roll the gain from the sale of your Old Property to the purchase of your New Property. To do this, you have to jump through certain hoops: we've written previously about how your property has to be held for investment and that it can not be held for resale. We've talked about the requirement to identify potential replacement properties for your exchange and how you have to complete a list of these potential properties within 45 days with the stipulation that what ever you purchase must be on your 45 Day List. We also talked about how your money must be held by an independent third party called a qualified intermediary and how you must make sure that the intermediary holds your money in an account separate from their other exchanges. And last month we talked about the requirement that you need to take title to the new property in the same name or entity that held title to your Old Property.

Interest rates on separate exchange accounts are currently in the toilet. So it’s not surprising that taxpayers who are doing 1031 exchanges are intrigued with Qualified Intermediaries that offer a high rate of interest on their exchange accounts. But how are they earning those rates? If you use them to do your exchange, what will they be investing your money in? Will you even know where your money is?

Most intermediaries commingle their client’s money. By commingle, I mean the pooling of all the clients’ exchange funds into one account. The benefit of pooled accounts is that the intermediary is investing a larger amount of money, and is therefore able to obtain a greater return. Just look in the business section of your Sunday paper: you’ll notice the difference in interest rates on $1,000 invested in a money market account versus $1 million invested in a CD.

...A 1031 exchange is a relatively short-term event, but losing your money could be forever...

In a market this hot, if you want to do a 1031 exchange you have quite a dilemma. You would like to exchange your highly appreciated Old Property, but finding replacement property in time is difficult. In a straight 1031 exchange, you have 45 days from the date of sale to identify potential replacement property and 180 days to close the purchase. There are no extensions to these time frames! Property not identified or purchased in time will toast your exchange, and you'll pay tax on the sale of your Old Property.

We're currently in a market where inventory is in short supply, and if you don't act fast, properties are gone. If you're hesitant to sell your Old Property first for fear of not being able to find the perfect New Property in time, consider doing a "Reverse Exchange."

So far in 2007, there have been three spectacular 1031 intermediary defalcations: Southwest Exchange of Henderson, Nevada ($100 million), Scoop Daniel of Breckenridge (the attorney that took one million and disappeared), and IXG (locally) and its related companies ($150 million).

All of these problems arise from two systemic problems with the industry: first of all there are no entry barriers to become an intermediary. Both Southwest and IXG were existing intermediary companies that were purchased by people who had no intermediary experience and whose sole intention for purchasing the company, apparently, was to get control of the exchange balance. Locally, Mile High Capital from last year is another example of this problem because according to several press reports they set up their own intermediary company and hired a convicted felon to run it.